Sarah Greenough (born 1951) is an American art historian and curator recognized as one of the most influential scholars of the history of photography. She served at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC, from 1978 until her retirement in 2026, becoming the founding curator and longtime head of the Department of Photographs. Over nearly five decades, she built one of the most significant institutional photography collections in the United States and shaped the museum’s exhibitions, scholarship, and educational programs devoted to the medium.

Greenough curated numerous landmark exhibitions that advanced academic and public understanding of photography, including major retrospectives on Alfred Stieglitz, Paul Strand, Walker Evans, André Kertész, Harry Callahan, and Irving Penn. She also organized internationally acclaimed projects such as *On the Art of Fixing a Shadow: 150 Years of Photography*, *Looking In: Robert Frank’s “The Americans”*, *The Art of the American Snapshot*, *Garry Winogrand*, and *Sally Mann: A Thousand Crossings*. Her curatorial practice consistently combined rigorous archival research with new perspectives on modernist and contemporary photographic history.

In addition to her curatorial achievements, Greenough is an award‑winning author of numerous scholarly books, including *Alfred Stieglitz: The Key Set*, *Robert Frank: Moving Out*, *Walker Evans: Subways and Streets*, and *All the Mighty World: The Photographs of Roger Fenton*. Her publications have received major honors such as the ICP Infinity Award, the George Wittenborn Memorial Book Award, and the College Art Association’s Alfred H. Barr Jr. Award. She also edited *My Faraway One*, the first volume of the correspondence between Georgia O’Keeffe and Alfred Stieglitz, demonstrating her expertise in archival studies and American modernism.

Greenough studied photography history at the University of Pennsylvania (BA), the University of New Mexico (MA, PhD), and worked early in her career at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Her scholarship, exhibitions, and collection‑building efforts have had a lasting impact on the field, firmly establishing photography as integral to the narrative of modern and contemporary art in museum practice.

Sarah Greenough (born 1951) is an American photohistorian and curator, recognized for her extensive work on 19th- and 20th-century photography. Since joining the National Gallery of Art in 1981, she has served as senior curator of photographs, organizing landmark exhibitions and authoring scholarly publications, notably on Alfred Stieglitz. Her research and archival efforts have significantly shaped the understanding of American photography.